Published on in Vol 9 (2023)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/45312, first published .
How Does ChatGPT Perform on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)? The Implications of Large Language Models for Medical Education and Knowledge Assessment

How Does ChatGPT Perform on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)? The Implications of Large Language Models for Medical Education and Knowledge Assessment

How Does ChatGPT Perform on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)? The Implications of Large Language Models for Medical Education and Knowledge Assessment

Journals

  1. Sabry Abdel-Messih M, Kamel Boulos M. ChatGPT in Clinical Toxicology. JMIR Medical Education 2023;9:e46876 View
  2. Howard A, Hope W, Gerada A. ChatGPT and antimicrobial advice: the end of the consulting infection doctor?. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2023;23(4):405 View
  3. Sinha R, Deb Roy A, Kumar N, Mondal H. Applicability of ChatGPT in Assisting to Solve Higher Order Problems in Pathology. Cureus 2023 View
  4. Halloran L, Mhanna S, Brunner P. AI tools such as ChatGPT will disrupt hydrology, too. Hydrological Processes 2023;37(3) View
  5. Juhi A, Pipil N, Santra S, Mondal S, Behera J, Mondal H. The Capability of ChatGPT in Predicting and Explaining Common Drug-Drug Interactions. Cureus 2023 View
  6. Eysenbach G. The Role of ChatGPT, Generative Language Models, and Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A Conversation With ChatGPT and a Call for Papers. JMIR Medical Education 2023;9:e46885 View
  7. Lal Vallath A, Sivasubramanian B, Chatterjee A, Erva S, Ravikumar D, Dasgupta I. Ventricular Septal Rupture and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Healthcare. Cureus 2023 View
  8. Aubignat M, Diab E. Artificial intelligence and ChatGPT between worst enemy and best friend: The two faces of a revolution and its impact on science and medical schools. Revue Neurologique 2023;179(6):520 View
  9. Sallam M. ChatGPT Utility in Healthcare Education, Research, and Practice: Systematic Review on the Promising Perspectives and Valid Concerns. Healthcare 2023;11(6):887 View
  10. Levin G, Meyer R, Kadoch E, Brezinov Y. Identifying ChatGPT-written OBGYN abstracts using a simple tool. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM 2023;5(6):100936 View
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  12. Ghosh A, Bir A. Evaluating ChatGPT's Ability to Solve Higher-Order Questions on the Competency-Based Medical Education Curriculum in Medical Biochemistry. Cureus 2023 View
  13. Ivanov S, Soliman M. Game of algorithms: ChatGPT implications for the future of tourism education and research. Journal of Tourism Futures 2023;9(2):214 View
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  15. Shoufan A. Exploring Students’ Perceptions of ChatGPT: Thematic Analysis and Follow-Up Survey. IEEE Access 2023;11:38805 View
  16. Giannos P, Delardas O. Performance of ChatGPT on UK Standardized Admission Tests: Insights From the BMAT, TMUA, LNAT, and TSA Examinations. JMIR Medical Education 2023;9:e47737 View
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  19. Thirunavukarasu A, Hassan R, Mahmood S, Sanghera R, Barzangi K, El Mukashfi M, Shah S. Trialling a Large Language Model (ChatGPT) in General Practice With the Applied Knowledge Test: Observational Study Demonstrating Opportunities and Limitations in Primary Care. JMIR Medical Education 2023;9:e46599 View
  20. Xie Y, Seth I, Hunter-Smith D, Rozen W, Ross R, Lee M. Aesthetic Surgery Advice and Counseling from Artificial Intelligence: A Rhinoplasty Consultation with ChatGPT. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2023;47(5):1985 View
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  23. Pinto A, Abreu A, Costa E, Paiva J. How Machine Learning (ML) is Transforming Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 2023;8(2):21168 View
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  29. Tsui J, Wong M, Kim B, Maguire A, Scoles D, VanderBeek B, Brucker A. Appropriateness of ophthalmic symptoms triage by a popular online artificial intelligence chatbot. Eye 2023;37(17):3692 View
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  36. Fuchs K. Exploring the opportunities and challenges of NLP models in higher education: is Chat GPT a blessing or a curse?. Frontiers in Education 2023;8 View
  37. Sánchez-Ruiz L, Moll-López S, Nuñez-Pérez A, Moraño-Fernández J, Vega-Fleitas E. ChatGPT Challenges Blended Learning Methodologies in Engineering Education: A Case Study in Mathematics. Applied Sciences 2023;13(10):6039 View
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  43. VIEBIG R. NAVIGATING THE ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION. Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 2023;60(1):1 View
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  46. Frosolini A, Gennaro P, Cascino F, Gabriele G. In Reference to “Role of Chat GPT in Public Health”, to Highlight the AI’s Incorrect Reference Generation. Annals of Biomedical Engineering 2023;51(10):2120 View
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  48. Mayol J. Inteligencia artificial generativa y educación médica. Educación Médica 2023;24(4):100851 View
  49. Liu H, Azam M, Bin Naeem S, Faiola A. An overview of the capabilities of ChatGPT for medical writing and its implications for academic integrity. Health Information & Libraries Journal 2023;40(4):440 View
  50. Fraser H, Crossland D, Bacher I, Ranney M, Madsen T, Hilliard R. Comparison of Diagnostic and Triage Accuracy of Ada Health and WebMD Symptom Checkers, ChatGPT, and Physicians for Patients in an Emergency Department: Clinical Data Analysis Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2023;11:e49995 View
  51. Liang Y, Zou D, Xie H, Wang F. Exploring the potential of using ChatGPT in physics education. Smart Learning Environments 2023;10(1) View
  52. Spennemann D. Exhibiting the Heritage of COVID-19—A Conversation with ChatGPT. Heritage 2023;6(8):5732 View
  53. Yan L, Sha L, Zhao L, Li Y, Martinez‐Maldonado R, Chen G, Li X, Jin Y, Gašević D. Practical and ethical challenges of large language models in education: A systematic scoping review. British Journal of Educational Technology 2024;55(1):90 View
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  55. Xie Y, Seth I, Hunter‐Smith D, Rozen W, Seifman M. Investigating the impact of innovative AI chatbot on post‐pandemic medical education and clinical assistance: a comprehensive analysis. ANZ Journal of Surgery 2023 View
  56. Maillard A, Micheli G, Lefevre L, Guyonnet C, Poyart C, Canouï E, Belan M, Charlier C. Can Chatbot Artificial Intelligence Replace Infectious Diseases Physicians in the Management of Bloodstream Infections? A Prospective Cohort Study. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2024;78(4):825 View
  57. Aljindan F, Al Qurashi A, Albalawi I, Alanazi A, Aljuhani H, Falah Almutairi F, Aldamigh O, Halawani I, K. Zino Alarki S. ChatGPT Conquers the Saudi Medical Licensing Exam: Exploring the Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Knowledge Assessment and Implications for Modern Medical Education. Cureus 2023 View
  58. Yanagita Y, Yokokawa D, Uchida S, Tawara J, Ikusaka M. Accuracy of ChatGPT on Medical Questions in the National Medical Licensing Examination in Japan: Evaluation Study. JMIR Formative Research 2023;7:e48023 View
  59. Anagnostopoulos C. ChatGPT impacts in programming education: A recent literature overview that debates ChatGPT responses. F1000Research 2023;12:1393 View
  60. Ignjatović A, Stevanović L. Efficacy and limitations of ChatGPT as a biostatistical problem-solving tool in medical education in Serbia: a descriptive study. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 2023;20:28 View
  61. Meo S, Al-Masri A, Alotaibi M, Meo M, Meo M. ChatGPT Knowledge Evaluation in Basic and Clinical Medical Sciences: Multiple Choice Question Examination-Based Performance. Healthcare 2023;11(14):2046 View
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  64. Hofmann H, Guerra G, Le J, Wong A, Hofmann G, Mayfield C, Petrigliano F, Liu J. The Rapid Development of Artificial Intelligence: GPT-4's Performance on Orthopedic Surgery Board Questions. Orthopedics 2024;47(2) View
  65. Abi-Rafeh J, Hanna S, Bassiri-Tehrani B, Kazan R, Nahai F. Complications Following Facelift and Neck Lift: Implementation and Assessment of Large Language Model and Artificial Intelligence (ChatGPT) Performance Across 16 Simulated Patient Presentations. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2023;47(6):2407 View
  66. Weng T, Wang Y, Chang S, Chen T, Hwang S. ChatGPT failed Taiwan’s Family Medicine Board Exam. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 2023;86(8):762 View
  67. Wang Y, Shen H, Chen T. Performance of ChatGPT on the pharmacist licensing examination in Taiwan. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 2023;86(7):653 View
  68. Farina M, Lavazza A. ChatGPT in society: emerging issues. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2023;6 View
  69. O’Hern K, Yang E, Vidal N. ChatGPT underperforms in triaging appropriate use of Mohs surgery for cutaneous neoplasms. JAAD International 2023;12:168 View
  70. Chakraborty C, Pal S, Bhattacharya M, Dash S, Lee S. Overview of Chatbots with special emphasis on artificial intelligence-enabled ChatGPT in medical science. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2023;6 View
  71. Vakilzadeh A, Pourahmad Ghalejoogh S. Evaluating the Potential of Large Language Model AI as Project Management Assistants: A Comparative Simulation to Evaluate GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Google-Bard Ability to pass the PMI's PMP test. SSRN Electronic Journal 2023 View
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  73. Doddi S, Hibshman T, Salichs O, Bera K, Tippareddy C, Ramaiya N, Tirumani S. Assessing appropriate responses to ACR urologic imaging scenarios using ChatGPT and Bard. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 2024;53(2):226 View
  74. Deik A. Potential Benefits and Perils of Incorporating ChatGPT to the Movement Disorders Clinic. Journal of Movement Disorders 2023;16(2):158 View
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  742. Jairoun A, Al-Hemyari S, Shahwan M, Alnuaimi G, Ibrahim N, Jaber A. Capturing pharmacists’ perspectives on the value, risks, and applications of ChatGPT in pharmacy practice: A qualitative study. Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy 2024;16:100518 View
  743. Fan K, Fan K. Dermatological Knowledge and Image Analysis Performance of Large Language Models Based on Specialty Certificate Examination in Dermatology. Dermato 2024;4(4):124 View
  744. Kim W, Kim B, Yeom H. Performance of Large Language Models on the Korean Dental Licensing Examination: A Comparative Study. International Dental Journal 2024 View
  745. Snigdha N, Batul R, Karobari M, Adil A, Dawasaz A, Hameed M, Mehta V, Noorani T, Tatu A. Assessing the Performance of ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4 in Operative Dentistry and Endodontics: An Exploratory Study. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2024;2024(1) View
  746. Kim S, Lee C, Kim S. Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Guide for Radiologists. Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology 2024;85(5):861 View
  747. Torre D, Schuwirth L. Programmatic assessment for learning: A programmatically designed assessment for the purpose of learning: AMEE Guide No. 174. Medical Teacher 2024:1 View
  748. Reza R, Mahmud M, Ahmed S. Evaluating AI Excellence: A Comparative Analysis of Generative Models in Library and Information Science. Science & Technology Libraries 2024:1 View
  749. Huwiler J, Oechslin L, Biaggi P, Tanner F, Wyss C. Experimental assessment of the performance of artificial intelligence in solving multiple-choice board exams in cardiology. Swiss Medical Weekly 2024;154(10):3547 View
  750. Qin Q, Zhang S. Visualizing the knowledge mapping of artificial intelligence in education: A systematic review. Education and Information Technologies 2024 View
  751. Bedi S, Liu Y, Orr-Ewing L, Dash D, Koyejo S, Callahan A, Fries J, Wornow M, Swaminathan A, Lehmann L, Hong H, Kashyap M, Chaurasia A, Shah N, Singh K, Tazbaz T, Milstein A, Pfeffer M, Shah N. Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models. JAMA 2024 View
  752. Sensoy E, Citirik M. Evaluation and Comparison of the Knowledge Levels of Current Artificial Intelligence Programs on Retinal/Vitreous Diseases and Treatment Methods. Journal of Current Ophthalmology 2024;36(1):78 View
  753. Huang R, Benour A, Kemppainen J, Leung F. The future of AI clinicians: assessing the modern standard of chatbots and their approach to diagnostic uncertainty. BMC Medical Education 2024;24(1) View
  754. Ramgopal S, Varma S, Gorski J, Kester K, Shieh A, Suresh S. Evaluation of a Large Language Model on the American Academy of Pediatrics' PREP Emergency Medicine Question Bank. Pediatric Emergency Care 2024 View
  755. Tiwari C, Bhat M, Dula Wedajo A, Khan S. Unveiling the bright side and dark side of AI-based ChatGPT : a bibliographic and thematic approach. Journal of Decision Systems 2024:1 View
  756. Liu W, Kan H, Jiang Y, Geng Y, Nie Y, Yang M. MED-ChatGPT CoPilot: a ChatGPT medical assistant for case mining and adjunctive therapy. Frontiers in Medicine 2024;11 View
  757. Meyer A, Chapman J. A slide into obscurity? The current state of histology education in Australian and Aotearoa New Zealand medical curricula in 2022–2023. Anatomical Sciences Education 2024 View
  758. Barbosa‐Silva J, Driusso P, Ferreira E, de Abreu R. Exploring the Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Analysis of CHAT‐GPT's Accuracy and Completeness in Addressing Urinary Incontinence Queries. Neurourology and Urodynamics 2024 View
  759. Zhou S, Luo X, Chen C, Jiang H, Yang C, Ran G, Yu J, Yin C. The performance of large language model-powered chatbots compared to oncology physicians on colorectal cancer queries. International Journal of Surgery 2024;110(10):6509 View
  760. Díaz B, Delgado C. Artificial intelligence: Tool or teammate?. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 2024 View
  761. Saad M, Almasri W, Hye T, Roni M, Mohiyeddini C. Analysis of ChatGPT-3.5’s Potential in Generating NBME-Standard Pharmacology Questions: What Can Be Improved?. Algorithms 2024;17(10):469 View
  762. Song E, Lee S. Comparative Analysis of the Response Accuracies of Large Language Models in the Korean National Dental Hygienist Examination Across Korean and English Questions. International Journal of Dental Hygiene 2024 View
  763. Fried A, Dorn S, Leland W, Mullen E, Williams D, Zaas A, MacGuire J, Bynum D. Large language models in internal medicine residency: current use and attitudes among internal medicine residents. Discover Artificial Intelligence 2024;4(1) View
  764. Greif L, Röckel F, Kimmig A, Ovtcharova J. A systematic review of current AI techniques used in the context of the SDGs. International Journal of Environmental Research 2025;19(1) View
  765. Li C, Zhang J, Abdul‐Masih J, Zhang S, Yang J. Performance of ChatGPT and Dental Students on Concepts of Periodontal Surgery. European Journal of Dental Education 2024 View
  766. Alfarraj Y, Wardat Y. Exploring the Impact of ChatGPT on Scientific Research: Assessing Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. Education as Change 2024;28 View
  767. Kong A, Liu N, Tan H, Sia A, Sng B. Artificial intelligence in obstetric anaesthesiology – The future of patient care?. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia 2024:104288 View
  768. Liu M, Okuhara T, Chang X, Okada H, Kiuchi T, Khlaif Z. Performance of ChatGPT in medical licensing examinations in countries worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. PLOS ONE 2024;19(10):e0312771 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Lin S, Chung H, Chung F, Lan Y. Innovative Technologies and Learning. View
  2. Guan C, Ding D, Gupta P, Hung Y, Jiang Z. Exploring Cyber Criminals and Data Privacy Measures. View
  3. Maney K. Creative AI Tools and Ethical Implications in Teaching and Learning. View
  4. Twinomurinzi H, Gumbo S. South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists. View
  5. Wang T. Smart Learning for A Sustainable Society. View
  6. Li L. Machine Learning and Data Mining Annual Volume 2023. View
  7. . Artificial Intelligence Applications Using ChatGPT in Education. View
  8. . Artificial Intelligence Applications Using ChatGPT in Education. View
  9. . Artificial Intelligence Applications Using ChatGPT in Education. View
  10. Yin M, Han B, Ryu S, Hua M. HCI International 2023 – Late Breaking Papers. View
  11. Le-Nguyen H, Tran T. Generative AI in Teaching and Learning. View
  12. P. Stawicki S, J. Papadimos T, Salibi M, Pappada S. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Surgery - An Exploration of Current Trends, Potential Opportunities, and Evolving Threats - Volume 1. View
  13. Damaševičius R, Zailskaitė-Jakštė L. Leveraging ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence for Effective Customer Engagement. View
  14. Fuhrmann T, Niemetz M. Towards a Hybrid, Flexible and Socially Engaged Higher Education. View
  15. Le-Nguyen H, Tran T. The Role of Generative AI in the Communication Classroom. View
  16. Matheis P, John J. Academic Integrity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. View
  17. Zhong J, Shu H, Han X. Multimedia Technology and Enhanced Learning. View
  18. Stefan R, Carutasu G, Mocan M. The 17th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering. View
  19. Barua R, Datta S. Applications, Challenges, and the Future of ChatGPT. View
  20. Anzum F, Asha A, Dey L, Gavrilov A, Iffath F, Ohi A, Pond L, Shopon M, Gavrilova M. Global Perspectives on the Applications of Computer Vision in Cybersecurity. View
  21. Kiran G, Ramachandran K, Tilak G, Bharathi T, Muhammad K, Loganayagi S. Proceedings of Third International Conference in Mechanical and Energy Technology. View
  22. Cai Y, Cao D, Guo R, Wen Y, Liu G, Chen E. Advanced Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications. View
  23. Sreerakuvandana S, Pappachan P, Arya V. Challenges in Large Language Model Development and AI Ethics. View
  24. Cope B, Kalantzis M. Trust and Inclusion in AI-Mediated Education. View
  25. Ngoc Tran Q, Ngoc T, Pham T, Felipe A, Huynh T, Tran Q. 17th WCEAM Proceedings. View