Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Medical Education

Medical Students’ Experiences With Virtual Reality Simulation Training: Qualitative Study

Vanshika Sharma, Sohee Park, Alexandra Voinescu, Chris Jacobs

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Feb 11); 12:e74301

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Investigating the Impact of a Virtual Reality Experience on Medical Student Empathy: Mixed Methods Study

Allen G Mundok, Vivian N Ho, Lauren A Fowler, Ann Blair Kennedy, Shannon Stark-Taylor

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Feb 04); 12:e76504

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Web-Based Virtual Environment Versus Face-To-Face Delivery for Team-Based Learning of Anesthesia Techniques Among Undergraduate Medical Students: Randomized Controlled Trial

Darunee Sripadungkul, Suhattaya Boonmak, Monsicha Somjit, Narin Plailaharn, Wimonrat Sriraj, Polpun Boonmak

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (Jan 15); 12:e80097

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Usability Study of Augmented Reality Visualization Modalities on Localization Accuracy in the Head and Neck: Randomized Crossover Trial

Yao Li, Gijs Luijten, Christina Gsaxner, Kim Grunert, Alexis Bader, Frank Hölzle, Rainer Röhrig, Matías de la Fuente, Jan Egger, Kunpeng Xie, Behrus Hinrichs-Puladi

JMIR Serious Games 2026 (Jan 13); 14:e75962

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Virtual Reality Application for Teaching Complex Congenital Heart Defect Anatomy: Design and Development Study

Kevin Muneton, David Buyck, Carlos-Eduardo Guerrero-Chalela, Shanti Narasimhan, Paul A Iaizzo

JMIR XR Spatial Comput 2025 (Dec 22); 2:e74429

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Virtual Standardized Patients for Improving Clinical Thinking Ability Training in Residents: Randomized Controlled Trial

Liyuan Xu, Qinrong Xu, Chunya Liu, Baozhen Chen, Chunxia Wang

JMIR Med Educ 2025 (Dec 08); 11:e73196

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AI-Enhanced Social Robotic Versus Computer-Based Virtual Patients for Clinical Reasoning Training in Medical Education: Observational Crossover Cohort Study

Alexander Borg, Jonathan Schiött, William Ivegren, Cidem Gentline, Viking Huss, Anna Hugelius, Benjamin Jobs, Fabricio Espinosa, Mini Ruiz, Samuel Edelbring, Carina Georg, Gabriel Skantze, Ioannis Parodis

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Nov 27); 27:e82541

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Use of a Nonimmersive Virtual Reality System for Clinical Thinking in Obstetric Nursing Education: Mixed Methods Study

Sixing Liu, Jiaxun Yang, Caihong Zhang, Jing Zhang, Qin Wang, Rong Zhou, Ziran Zhao, Shan Ren, Huanying Yi, Honghua Guo, Jieqiong Xia

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Nov 24); 27:e80951

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Performance and Perceptions of Health Care Professionals Using an Immersive Virtual Reality Tool for Home Care Training: Observational Feasibility and Acceptability Study

José Mira, Javier Rios, Eva Gil-Hernández, Nida Abed, Vanesa Ribeiro-Neves, Clara Pérez-Esteve, Mercedes Guilabert-Mora, Almudena Arroyo, Maria Purificacion Ballester

JMIR Serious Games 2025 (Nov 20); 13:e75104

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The Impact of Virtual Reality Simulation Training on Earthquake Preparedness Knowledge and Practices Among Rural Volunteers in Indonesia: Quasi-Experimental Repeated-Measures Study

Nyayu Nina Putri Calisanie, Tukimin bin Sansuwito, Regidor III Dioso, Linlin Lindayani

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Oct 31); 27:e74108

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Deconstructing Participant Behaviors in Virtual Reality Simulation: Ethnographic Analysis

Daniel Loeb, Jamie Shoemaker, Kelly Ely, Matthew Zackoff

JMIR Med Educ 2025 (Oct 27); 11:e65886

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Correlation Between Electroencephalogram Brain-to-Brain Synchronization and Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety Scores During Online Hexad Virtual Simulation-Based Interprofessional Education: Cross-Sectional Correlational Study

Atthaphon Viriyopase, Khuansiri Narajeenron

JMIR Med Educ 2025 (Oct 20); 11:e69725

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AI Virtual Human–Augmented Game-Based Teaching to Enhance Emotional Intelligence in Nursing Students: Protocol for a Single-Group Pretest-Posttest Action Research Study

Yung-Chieh Ching, Yen-Chung Ho

JMIR Res Protoc 2025 (Oct 17); 14:e80290

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A Virtual Reality–Based mHealth App to Enhance Health Care Skills and Promote Health Equity by Empowering Health Care Professionals to Provide Empathetic, Compassionate, and Unbiased Patient Care Through Digital Experiential Learning: Qualitative Study

Dixit Bharatkumar Patel, Mayank Bharatkumar Patel, Thomas Wischgoll, Yong Pei, Paul J Hershberger

JMIR Form Res 2025 (Oct 10); 9:e64147

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Improving Hand Hygiene Skills Using Virtual Reality: Quasi-Experimental Study

José Mira, Mery González, Carolina Villalba, Laura Guerra, Yesid Ramirez-Moya, Jazmín Hernández, Olga Moya, Luis Pineda, Clara Pérez-Esteve

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Oct 07); 27:e78882

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Use of an Immersive Virtual Reality Application to Educate Medical Students in Patient Handover: Pilot Study

Laura Isabel Hanke, Patrick Schwoerer, Florentine Huettl, Lukas Vradelis, Kai-Uwe Strelow, Christian Boedecker, Patrick Saalfeld, Vuthea Chheang, Holger Buggenhagen, Hauke Lang, Christian Hansen, Tobias Huber

JMIR Serious Games 2025 (Aug 27); 13:e73907

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Parents’ Perspectives on the Use of Virtual Reality in Pediatric Chronic Pain Management: Qualitative Study

Lindsay Sullivan, Harrison Vriese, Ellie Ferguson, Megan Armstrong, Hannah Williams, Kathleen Lemanek, Sharon Wrona, Lauren Renner, Lindsey Vater, Henry Xiang

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Aug 15); 27:e74082

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A Virtual Simulator to Improve Weight-Related Communication Skills for Health Care Professionals: Mixed Methods Pre-Post Pilot Feasibility Study

Fiona Quigley, Leona Ryan, Raymond Bond, Toni McAloon, Huiru Zheng, Anne Moorhead

JMIR Med Educ 2025 (Aug 15); 11:e65949

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Usefulness of Mixed Reality in Surgical Treatment: Delphi Study

Renato Magalhães, Ana Carolina Lima, António Marques, Javier Pereira, Lúcio Lara Santos

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jul 08); 27:e69964

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Applying Augmented Reality to Convey Medical Knowledge on Osteoclasts to Users of a Serious Game: Vignette Experiment

Jascha Grübel, Julia Chatain, Claudio Schmid, Violaine Fayolle, Fabio Zünd, Reinhard Gruber, Bernd Stadlinger

JMIR Serious Games 2025 (Jun 16); 13:e64751

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