Motivation Theories and Constructs in Experimental Studies of Online Instruction: Systematic Review and Directed Content Analysis

Adam Gavarkovs   ¹ , PhD ;   Erin Miller   ² , PhD ;   Jaimie Coleman   ³ , MPT ;   Tharsiga Gunasegaran   ⁴ , HBSc ;   Rashmi A Kusurkar   ⁵ , MD, PhD ;   Kulamakan Kulasegaram   ⁶ , PhD ;   Melanie Anderson   ⁷ , MLiS ;   Ryan Brydges   ⁸ , PhD

¹ Division of Continuing Professional Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

² School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada

³ School of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁴ University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁵ Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

⁶ Department of Family and Community Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁷ University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁸ Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada