Automated Evaluation of Reflection and Feedback Quality in Workplace-Based Assessments by Using Natural Language Processing: Cross-Sectional Competency-Based Medical Education Study

Jeng-Wen Chen   ^{1, 2, 3, 4 *} , MSc, MD ;   Hai-Lun Tu   ^{5 *} , PhD ;   Chun-Hsiang Chang   ^{1, 2 *} , MSc, MD ;   Wei-Chung Hsu   ² , MD, PhD ;   Pa-Chun Wang   ^{6, 7, 8} , MD, PhD ;   Chun-Hou Liao   ⁹ , MD, PhD ;   Mingchih Chen   ^{3, 10} , PhD

¹ Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan

² Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

³ Department of Hospital Management, Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan

⁴ Department of Education and Research, Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan

⁵ Department of Library and Information Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan

⁶ Cathay General Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei, Taiwan

⁷ School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan

⁸ Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

⁹ Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cardinal Tien Hospital and School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan

¹⁰ Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan

*these authors contributed equally