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Student/Learners Perceptions and Experiences with Educational Technology (280) e-Learning and Digital Medical Education (1629) Focus Groups and Qualitative Research for Human Factors Research (1590) Graduate and Postgraduate Education for Health Professionals (259) Artificial Intelligence (4937) Health Informatics Education and Training (170) Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Medical Education (831)

Published on in Vol 11 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/74947, first published .
Diverse group collaborates with AI robot on laptop, brain graphic

Paradox of AI in Higher Education: Qualitative Inquiry Into AI Dependency Among Educators in Palestine

Paradox of AI in Higher Education: Qualitative Inquiry Into AI Dependency Among Educators in Palestine

Authors of this article:

Anas Ali Alhur1 Author Orcid Image ;   Zuheir N Khlaif2 Author Orcid Image ;   Bilal Hamamra3 Author Orcid Image ;   Elham Hussein4 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (66) Tweetations Metrics

Journals

  1. Begum M, Butt M, Ullah S. ChatGPT in the academia: exploring teachers' and students' practices and perspectives in higher education. Asian Education and Development Studies 2026;15(2):288 View
  2. Lin G, Cui X, Xie M, Saw P. Clinicians and Scientists: Turn to AI, Not into AI. BIO Integration 2025;6(1) View
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  5. Cheng H. Factors Influencing University Students’ Intention to Learn Artificial Intelligence: Insights from Expectancy-Value Theory and Protection Motivation Theory. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2026;42(16):13121 View
  6. Öner B. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Sayısal Becerileri ve İlaç Hesaplama Yeteneklerinin Akran Eğitimi ile Güçlendirilmesi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma. Eurasian Journal of Health Technology Assessment 2025;9(2):68 View
  7. Ahmed T, Rocky K, Rahman S, Hasan M. Ethical use of ChatGPT in higher education: insights from business students on responsible AI adoption. Ethics & Behavior 2026;36(7):563 View
  8. Alshammari S, Alkhwaldi A, Alshammari A, Alshammari M, Alrashidi M. Extending the UTAUT Model: The role of cognitive flexibility in AI adoption in higher education. Acta Psychologica 2026;263:106363 View
  9. Rodafinos A, Velli K, Barkoukis V. Comparing Faculty Attitudes Toward Self-Use and Student-Use of AI Technologies in Higher Education. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2026:1 View
  10. Magwa L. Artificial intelligence as a scaffolding tool for self-directed learning in ODeL environments: an instrumental case study of Zimbabwe Open University. Frontiers in Education 2026;11 View
  11. Ergonul E, Buyukcoban S. Fostering interactive medical education: integrating Web 2.0 tools through a universal design for learning framework. Medical Education Online 2026;31(1) View
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  13. Zhang X, Heinhold M, Karami A, Qiao Z, Prybutok V. Collaborative Construction of AI Ethics Understanding: How Graduate Students with Professional Experience Develop Ethical Frameworks Through Peer Interaction. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2026;42(20):17684 View
  14. Khlaif Z, Alshakhshir R, Hamamra B, Joma A. Assistive generative AI for visually impaired learners: Personalization and inclusion in higher education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 2026;36(1-2):100008 View
  15. Lin C. To think deeply or not in internships: Unpacking the dual impact of AI on management learning through theory of Affordance-Learning-Actualization. Thinking Skills and Creativity 2026;61:102209 View
  16. Giansanti D, Cosenza C. Artificial Intelligence and Youth: Cognitive, Educational, and Behavioral Impacts. AI 2026;7(4):121 View
  17. Honggang W, Khoso A, Althubyani A. Technostress, digital fatigue, and AI dependency as antecedents of burnout and SDG-4 achievement in EFL classrooms. Scientific Reports 2026;16(1) View
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  19. Birhanu E, Tefera G, Tilwani S, Terefe B, Shiferaw Y. Adapting and validating an artificial intelligence literacy scale for Ethiopian higher education using structural equation modeling. Discover Artificial Intelligence 2026;6(1) View
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  22. Zeng Y, Kang J, Piaw C, Hendawy Al-Mahdy Y. Behavioral mechanisms and learning outcomes of University Students’ GAI-assisted learning in human-AI collaboration. PLOS One 2026;21(4):e0346696 View
  23. Hamadeh S, Abdelkader A, Winchester T, Cowan A, Olasoji M, Joseph B. Nursing Educators’ Utility, Preparedness, and Attitudes Toward Generative Artificial Intelligence in Teaching and Assessment: A Scoping Review. Nurse Educator 2026;51(4):e244 View
  24. Arbaein R, Sarooji N, Khateeb R, Foudah R, Hashim S, Gari S. Determinants of patient satisfaction with virtual primary health care clinics in Jeddah, 2024–2025. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2026;15(4):1727 View
  25. Hamamra B, N. Khlaif Z, Mahamid N. AI literacy and mediated learner autonomy in ChatGPT-supported EFL writing: a qualitative study at a Palestinian university. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 2026;23(1) View
  26. Hamamra B, Soleiman N. Ethical artificial intelligence in higher education under Israeli occupation: a contextual framework for Palestinian universities. Ethics and Education 2026:1 View
  27. Albannai N, Raziq M, Scott‐Kennel J, Rice J, Nusairi A. Balancing AI‐Driven Efficiency and Human Expertise in Higher Education. Knowledge and Process Management 2026 View
  28. Alhur A, Alnasser B. Modeling Behavioral Determinants of Following and Verifying AI-Generated Health Advice: The Roles of eHealth Literacy, Cognitive Load, and Technology Self-Efficacy. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2026;Volume 19:1 View
  29. Blinov V, Kurteeva L. Introduction of artificial intelligence and cyber paradoxes of digital didactics. Transport Technician: Education and Practice 2026;7(2):132 View
  30. Fan W, Cheng L, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Li Y. In-Class AI Use and Attitudes Among University Students: The Different Mediating Roles of Cognitive Relief and Cognitive Offloading. Behavioral Sciences 2026;16(6):1014 View
  31. Dicken S, DeLeon N, Gutierrez E, Trujillo J. Evaluating the Quality of Artificial Intelligence–Generated Rubrics and Grading Reliability in Student-Written Reflection Assignments. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 2026;90(8):102014 View
  32. Tilwani S, Assefa Y, Alhur A, Spahiu I, Moges B, Ejupi S, Majeed H. Harnessing generative artificial intelligence for personalized learning and transformative skill development in higher education in developing-country contexts. Discover Artificial Intelligence 2026;6(1) View
  33. García Espinoza M, Zambrano Vélez W, Catuto Solano S, Correa Asencio E, Delgado Cobeña E. Teacher Autonomy and Judgment in the Face of Pedagogical Automation in Post-Digital Professionalism: A Systematic Review. Education Sciences 2026;16(7):1055 View
  34. Shehab E, Alkhateeb M. The Flaw of Perfection: How University Professors Identify the Inauthentic Voice of AI. Journal of Academic Ethics 2026;24(3) View
  35. Xiaohui C, Khan T. AI dependency and academic motivation in higher education: the mediating role of learned helplessness and the moderating role of AI literacy. Frontiers in Psychology 2026;17 View
  36. He X, Li S, Cha R, Wang L, Shen Y, Wu R, Wu L, Gong X, Liu J. Artificial intelligence dependency in college students: a critical narrative review. Frontiers in Psychology 2026;17 View
  37. Sánchez J. Promise, Mimicry, and Surveillance: Responsibly Integrating Artificial Intelligence With Socratic Inquiry in Medical Education. JMIR Medical Education 2026;12:e102958 View
  38. Sifat R, Jowarder M, Jowarder R, Habibullah F. Faculty Burnout at the Intersection of Artificial Intelligence Adoption and Academic Integrity Measures: A Thematic Analysis in Higher Education. NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 2026 View
  39. Mulisa F, Mezgebu T. Tools facilitate cheating, or partner supports learning? GenAI and academic integrity issues from students’ perspectives. International Journal for Educational Integrity 2026;22(1) View
  40. Khan Z, Haque I, Raza M. Transforming research practices: ChatGPT adoption and perceived productivity impact among Aligarh Muslim University scholars. Journal of Information Science 2026 View
  41. Besozzi R, Menon A. AI in one hand, inclusive education in the other: why mainstream teachers who use AI do not use it for inclusive education. International Journal of Inclusive Education 2026:1 View
  42. Gada T, Dave A, Rayali T, Parpia S. Algorithmic Personalization and Cognitive Dependency: The Psychological Impact of AI-Driven Digital Platforms. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2026:1 View
  43. Patil S, Karabacak M, Bisdas S, Margetis K. Generative Language Models in Medical Education: From Advent to Entrustment. JMIR Medical Education 2026;12:e105347 View
  44. Singh M, Kumar A. Digital Literacy, ChatGPT Adoption and AI Integration Among LIS Research Scholars in Selected Central Universities in North India. The International Information & Library Review 2026:1 View
  45. Suazo Galdames I, Santiesteban Velázquez M, Saracostti M, Chaple Gil A. Between cognitive offloading and critical autonomy: a systematic review of the epistemic implications of generative AI in higher education. Frontiers in Education 2026;11 View
  46. Aşık R, Efetürk N, Tozak F. Artificial Intelligence Addiction, Technostress, and Work-Life Balance Among Academics: An Employee Health Perspective. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2026;(30):784 View
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  48. Kumsa M, Kibret B, Jimma T. Benefits and Challenges of Digital Technologies in Health Professions Education: Insights From Nursing and Medical Radiologic Technology Students in Ethiopia. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development 2026;13 View
  49. Shi M, Hu X, Zhu X. Ethical considerations of undergraduate nursing students using artificial intelligence for learning: A qualitative study. Applied Nursing Research 2026;91:152140 View
  50. Amzalag M, Zviel-Girshin R, Beimel D. The illusion of cognitive independence in the age of generative AI: unpacking GenAI literacy and learner profiles. Frontiers in Education 2026;11 View
  51. Van Thieu N. Generative AI in journalism education: journalism students’ perspectives from Vietnam. Media Practice and Education 2026:1 View
  52. Košatka D, Černý M, Košatková M. From AI literacy to epistemic orientation: additive and transformation-dependent models of AI integration in teacher education. Learning: Research and Practice 2026:1 View
  53. Rojas-Contreras M, Villamizar-Carrillo L, Mendoza-Bejarano J. Enseñanza de la ética de la inteligencia artificial en universidades. Mundo FESC 2026;16(36) View
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  57. Sarmiento J, Jalani N. Epistemological Friction in Artificial Intelligence Use among Humanities Faculty and Students in Western Mindanao, Philippines. International Journal of Research on Multidisciplinary Studies 2026;1(8):426 View
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Books/Policy Documents

  1. Li Y, Zhang Y, Li J. Learning and Collaboration Technologies. View
  2. Musliddinovna U, R. N. R, Avliyaqulov T, Aarthi S, Shahlo A, Masharipova G. Boosting Literacy and Intercultural Competence Through Technology-Integrated Pedagogy. View
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  5. Mubarok R, Muhtadin M, Rahayu A, Endarwati R, Hanur B. Cases on Fostering Critical Thinking and Competence in AI-Based STEM Programs. View

Conference Proceedings

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  2. Williams M. Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Creativity and Cognition. In Search of "Weird Corners": Diagnosing the Limits of Convergent AI in Professional Creative Practice View