Published on in Vol 10 (2024)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/59213, first published
.

Journals
- Brügge E, Ricchizzi S, Arenbeck M, Keller M, Schur L, Stummer W, Holling M, Lu M, Darici D. Large language models improve clinical decision making of medical students through patient simulation and structured feedback: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education 2024;24(1) View
- Çiçek F, Ülker M, Özer M, Kıyak Y. ChatGPT versus expert feedback on clinical reasoning questions and their effect on learning: a randomized controlled trial. Postgraduate Medical Journal 2025;101(1195):458 View
- Jiang Y, Fu X, Wang J, Liu Q, Wang X, Liu P, Fu R, Shi J, Wu Y. Enhancing medical education with chatbots: a randomized controlled trial on standardized patients for colorectal cancer. BMC Medical Education 2024;24(1) View
- Masters K, MacNeil H, Benjamin J, Carver T, Nemethy K, Valanci-Aroesty S, Taylor D, Thoma B, Thesen T. Artificial Intelligence in Health Professions Education assessment: AMEE Guide No. 178. Medical Teacher 2025;47(9):1410 View
- Yi Y, Kim K. The feasibility of using generative artificial intelligence for history taking in virtual patients. BMC Research Notes 2025;18(1) View
- Yuan Y, He J, Wang F, Li Y, Guan C, Jiang C. AI agent as a simulated patient for history-taking training in clinical clerkship: an example in stomatology. Global Medical Education 2025 View
- Patil N, Kou N, Baptista‐Hon D, Monteiro O. Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A Practical Guide for Educators. MedComm – Future Medicine 2025;4(2) View
- Lo N, Wong A, Chan S. The impact of generative AI on essay revisions and student engagement. Computers and Education Open 2025;9:100249 View
- Kim K. Technology-enhanced learning in medical education in the age of artificial intelligence. Forum for Education Studies 2025;3(2):2730 View
- Eoh K. Prospects and applications of artificial intelligence and large language models in obstetrics and gynecology education: a narrative review. Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2025;68(3):161 View
- Yang B, Zhou F, Bai N, Zhou S, Luo C, Wang Q, Wong A, Lin F. Digital and Intelligence Education in Medicine: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Frontiers of Digital Education 2025;2(1) View
- Weisman D, Sugarman A, Huang Y, Gelberg L, Ganz P, Comulada W. Development of a GPT-4–Powered Virtual Simulated Patient and Communication Training Platform for Medical Students to Practice Discussing Abnormal Mammogram Results With Patients: Multiphase Study. JMIR Formative Research 2025;9:e65670 View
- Hong E, Kazmir S, Dylik B, Auerbach M, Rosati M, Athanasopoulou S, Himmelstein R, Whitfill T, Johnston L, Wolbrink T, Rosen A, Gross I. Exploring the Use of a Large Language Model in Simulation Debriefing: An Observational Simulation-Based Pilot Study. Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare 2025 View
- Hirosawa T, Yokose M, Sakamoto T, Harada Y, Tokumasu K, Mizuta K, Shimizu T. Utility of Generative Artificial Intelligence for Japanese Medical Interview Training: Randomized Crossover Pilot Study. JMIR Medical Education 2025;11:e77332 View
- Wang Z, Fan T, Li M, Zhu N, Wang X. Feasibility study of using GPT for history-taking training in medical education: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Medical Education 2025;25(1) View
- Aster A, Lotz A, Laupichler M, Raupach T. Impact of providing a customized guideline on virtual medical history taking in two serious games for medical education. Medical Education Online 2025;30(1) View
- Hoo K, Shuy Y, Tay J, Chew Q, Sim K. Use of Virtual Patients and Related Training Outcomes in Postgraduate Psychiatry Residency Education: A Scoping Review. Academic Psychiatry 2025 View
- Luo M, Bi S, Pang J, Liu L, Tsui C, Lai Y, Chen W, Yang Y, Xu K, Zhao L, Jin L, Lin D, Wu X, Chen J, Chen R, Liu Z, Zou Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Lin H. A large language model digital patient system enhances ophthalmology history taking skills. npj Digital Medicine 2025;8(1) View
- Kıyak Y, Emekli E, İş Kara T, Coşkun Ö, Budakoğlu I. AI Teaches Surgical Diagnostic Reasoning to Medical Students: Evidence from an Experiment Using a Fully Automated, Low-Cost Feedback System. Journal of Surgical Education 2025;82(10):103639 View
- Huh C, Lee J, Kim G, Jang Y, Ko H, Suh M, Hwang S, Son H, Song J, Kim S, Kim K, Kim S, Kim C, Ko Y. Using Large Language Models to Simulate History Taking: Implications for Symptom-Based Medical Education. Information 2025;16(8):653 View
- Thesen T, O’Brien W, Stone S, Pinto-Powell R. Generative AI as the First Patient: Practice, Feedback, and Confidence. Medical Science Educator 2025 View
- Nagge J, Richard C, Bennett B, Tang F, Clapperton R. AI-Enabled Virtual Clinic Impact on Pharmacist Confidence in Managing Warfarin: Implications for Experiential Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 2025;89(10):101494 View
- Janssen E, McLagan R, Habeck J, Chung S, McArthur E, Anderson P. Barriers to breakthroughs: A scoping review of generative AI in healthcare simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing 2025;107:101791 View
- Liu Y, Shi C, Wu L, Lin X, Chen X, Zhu Y, Tan H, Zhang W. Development and Validation of a Large Language Model–Based System for Medical History-Taking Training: Prospective Multicase Study on Evaluation Stability, Human-AI Consistency, and Transparency. JMIR Medical Education 2025;11:e73419 View
- Breuer T, Frihat S, Fuhr N, Lewandowski D, Schaer P, Schenkel R. Large Language Models for Information Retrieval: Challenges and Chances. Datenbank-Spektrum 2025;25(2):71 View
- Gao C, Gheihman G, Kaplan T, McCoy L, Collins L, Wenzel T, Paul A, Reda H, Stein L, Kimbaris G, Sutherland H, Stacpoole S, Milligan T, Goh R, Bacchi S. Education Research: Creating Online Interactive Case-Based Learning Experiences From Educational Case Reports With Large Language Models. Neurology Education 2025;4(4) View
- Damaševičius R, Maskeliūnas R, Blažauskas T. Enhancing Virtual Medical History Taking: Effects of Customized Guidelines in Two Serious Games for Medical Education. Annals of Pharmacy Education, Safety, and Public Health Advocacy 2025;5(1):39 View
- Neo N, Gunawan J, Levett-Jones T, Khoo E, Chua W, Liaw S. Generative artificial intelligence in healthcare simulation-based education: A scoping review. Clinical Simulation in Nursing 2025;108:101819 View
- Sheth U, Lo M, McCarthy J, Baath N, Last N, Guo E, Monteiro S, Sibbald M. Understanding the Role of Large Language Model Virtual Patients in Developing Communication and Clinical Skills in Undergraduate Medical Education. International Medical Education 2025;4(4):39 View
- Fiskawarni T, Nurfadilah N, Saad R, Bancong H. Educational technology and assessment: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis (2010–2024). Discover Education 2025;4(1) View
- Li D, Lebai Lutfi S. LLM-based Virtual Patient Systems for History-Taking in Medical Education: A Comprehensive Systematic Review (Preprint). JMIR Medical Informatics 2025 View
- Bentegeac R, Florens N, Maanaoui M, Maisons V, Lanot A, Bobot M, Brilland B, Glowacki F, Gérard E, Hazzan M, Amouyel P, Le Guellec B, Hamroun A. ECOSBot: a multicenter validation pilot study of a generative AI tool for OSCE-based nephrology training. Clinical Kidney Journal 2025;18(10) View
- Cevallos López G, Ubillús Reyes J, Chocobar Reyes E. Argumentos a favor de permitir o prohibir el uso de la inteligencia artificial generativa por estudiantes. Una revisión sistemática. European Public & Social Innovation Review 2025;11:1 View
- Comulada W, Ganz P, Huang Y, Weisman D, Sugarman A, Lee D, Shah S, Gelberg L. A Pilot Test of an AI Voice-Driven Simulation With Feedback for Medical Students to Practice Discussing Diagnostic Mammogram Results With Patients. Cureus 2025 View
- Tinajero C. The Pediatric Surgeon's AI Toolbox: How Large Language Models Like ChatGPT Are Simplifying Practice and Expanding Global Access. European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2025 View
- Zeng J, Qi W, Shen S, Liu X, Li S, Wang B, Dong C, Zhu X, Shi Y, Lou X, Wang B, Yao J, Jiang G, Zhang Q, Cao S. Embracing the Future of Medical Education With Large Language Model–Based Virtual Patients: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2025;27:e79091 View
- Jo Y, Lee M, Yang H. Large Language Model-Based Virtual Patient Simulations in Medical and Nursing Education: A Review. Applied Sciences 2025;15(22):11917 View
- Stoco J, Araújo J, Peres A, Oliveira G, Peres G. Simulating Physician–Patient Interactions Using Generative Artificial Intelligence: An Educational Tool for Medical Students. Cureus Journal of Computer Science 2025 View
- Herschbach L, Festl-Wietek T, Stegemann-Philipps C, Sonanini A, Herrmann B, Erschens R, Herrmann-Werner A, Holderried F. Evaluation of an AI-Based Chatbot Providing Real-Time Feedback in Communication Training for Mental Health Care Professionals: Proof-of-Concept Observational Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2025;27:e82818 View
- Scholl S, Judd C, MacMahon A. Beyond the Grade: Exploring Written Feedback in a Pediatric Clerkship. Military Medicine 2025 View
- Elhilali A, Ngo A, Reichenpfader D, Denecke K. Large language model-based patient simulation to foster communication skills in healthcare professionals: User-centered development and usability study (Preprint). JMIR Medical Education 2025 View
- Bartkowski J, Zerdka J, Brasse P, Piszka M, Kwapien E, Staszkiewicz K, Kubicka M, Staszkiewicz K, Czarnecki F. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine With Emphasis on Orthopedic Practice. Cureus 2025 View
Books/Policy Documents
- Cao J, Zhao C, Chen X, Wang S, Schunn C, Koedinger K, Lin J. Artificial Intelligence in Education. View
Conference Proceedings
- Alyahyan E, Ada M, Lever J. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). A Systematic Mapping of Large Language Models as Feedback Provider in Higher Education View
