Published on in Vol 9 (2023)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/50373, first published .
AI-Enabled Medical Education: Threads of Change, Promising Futures, and Risky Realities Across Four Potential Future Worlds

AI-Enabled Medical Education: Threads of Change, Promising Futures, and Risky Realities Across Four Potential Future Worlds

AI-Enabled Medical Education: Threads of Change, Promising Futures, and Risky Realities Across Four Potential Future Worlds

Journals

  1. Sheikh M, Thongprayoon C, Qureshi F, Suppadungsuk S, Kashani K, Miao J, Craici I, Cheungpasitporn W. Personalized Medicine Transformed: ChatGPT’s Contribution to Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Alarm Management in Intensive Care Units. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2024;14(3):233 View
  2. Noda M, Ueno T, Koshu R, Takaso Y, Shimada M, Saito C, Sugimoto H, Fushiki H, Ito M, Nomura A, Yoshizaki T. Performance of GPT-4V in Answering the Japanese Otolaryngology Board Certification Examination Questions: Evaluation Study. JMIR Medical Education 2024;10:e57054 View
  3. Oliński M, Krukowski K, Sieciński K. Bibliometric Overview of ChatGPT: New Perspectives in Social Sciences. Publications 2024;12(1):9 View
  4. Franco D’Souza R, Mathew M, Mishra V, Surapaneni K. Twelve tips for addressing ethical concerns in the implementation of artificial intelligence in medical education. Medical Education Online 2024;29(1) View
  5. Laohawetwanit T, Apornvirat S, Kantasiripitak C. ChatGPT as a teaching tool: Preparing pathology residents for board examination with AI-generated digestive system pathology tests. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 2024;162(5):471 View
  6. Stawicki S. What’s new in Academic International Medicine: Artificial intelligence in medical education – A once-in-a-century opportunity to achieve rapid global parity. International Journal of Academic Medicine 2024;10(2):43 View
  7. Gholizadeh N, Rokni G, Babaei M. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using AI in Dermatology. Dermatological Reviews 2024;5(4) View
  8. Zheng K, Shen Z, Chen Z, Che C, Zhu H. Application of AI-empowered scenario-based simulation teaching mode in cardiovascular disease education. BMC Medical Education 2024;24(1) View
  9. Kochis M, Parsons M, Rothman D, Petrusa E, Phitayakorn R. Medical students’ perceptions and use of educational technologies and artificial intelligence chatbots as educational resources. Global Surgical Education - Journal of the Association for Surgical Education 2024;3(1) View
  10. Hair J, Sabol M. Leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Competitive Intelligence (CI) Research. Revista Inteligência Competitiva 2024;15:e0469 View
  11. Ensign D, Nisly S, Pardo C. The Future of Generative AI in Continuing Professional Development (CPD): Crowdsourcing the Alliance Community. Journal of CME 2024;13(1) View
  12. Turner L, Hashimoto D, Vasisht S, Schaye V. Demystifying AI: Current State and Future Role in Medical Education Assessment. Academic Medicine 2024;99(4S):S42 View
  13. Janumpally R, Nanua S, Ngo A, Youens K. Generative artificial intelligence in graduate medical education. Frontiers in Medicine 2025;11 View
  14. Benjamin J, Masters K, Agrawal A, MacNeill H, Mehta N. Twelve tips on applying AI tools in HPE scholarship using Boyer’s model. Medical Teacher 2025;47(6):949 View
  15. Feigerlova E, Hani H, Hothersall-Davies E. A systematic review of the impact of artificial intelligence on educational outcomes in health professions education. BMC Medical Education 2025;25(1) View
  16. Womack-Adams K, Morbitzer K, Ondek C, Collins H, McLaughlin J. A review of microcredentials in health professions continuing professional development. Frontiers in Medicine 2025;12 View
  17. Ali M. The Role of AI in Reshaping Medical Education: Opportunities and Challenges. The Clinical Teacher 2025;22(2) View
  18. Li H, Han Z, Wu H, Musaev E, Lin Y, Li S, Makatsariya A, Chekhonin V, Ma W, Zhang C. Artificial intelligence in surgery: evolution, trends, and future directions. International Journal of Surgery 2025;111(2):2101 View
  19. Liu Y, Jiang S, Wang Y. Artificial intelligence optimizes the standardized diagnosis and treatment of chronic sinusitis. Frontiers in Physiology 2025;16 View
  20. Turner L, Knopp M, Mendonca E, Desai S. Bridging Artificial Intelligence and Medical Education: Navigating the Alignment Paradox. ATS Scholar 2025;6(2):135 View
  21. Pohn B, Mehnen L, Fitzek S, Choi K, Braun R, Hatamikia S. Integrating artificial intelligence into pre-clinical medical education: challenges, opportunities, and recommendations. Frontiers in Education 2025;10 View
  22. Lai W, Vervoort D, Bradley D, Cabrera A, Culbertson C, Floh A, Gupta S, Hasan B, Holloway A, Jacobs J, Jenkins K, Kumar R, Larrazabal L, McMahon C, Penny D, Phillips A, Quezada E, Sable C, Srivastava S, Staveski S, Suntharos P, Teitel D, Tirado B, Tran B, Zheleva B, Zuhkle L, Chang A. Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Services: An Innovative and Empowering Approach to Global Training and Equitable Care. Journal of the American Heart Association 2025;14(8) View
  23. Wihlidal J, Wolter N, Propst E, Lin V, Au M, Amin S, Siu J. Generative AI in Otolaryngology Residency Personal Statement Writing: A Mixed‐Methods Analysis. The Laryngoscope 2025;135(10):3570 View
  24. Rincón E, Jimenez D, Aguilar L, Flórez J, Tapia Á, Peñuela C. Mapping the use of artificial intelligence in medical education: a scoping review. BMC Medical Education 2025;25(1) View
  25. Tolentino R, Hersson-Edery F, Yaffe M, Abbasgholizadeh-Rahimi S. AIFM-ed Curriculum Framework for Postgraduate Family Medicine Education on Artificial Intelligence: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Medical Education 2025;11:e66828 View
  26. Tekin M, Yurdal M, Toraman Ç, Korkmaz G, Uysal İ. Is AI the future of evaluation in medical education?? AI vs. human evaluation in objective structured clinical examination. BMC Medical Education 2025;25(1) View
  27. Bartsch S, Behn O, Benlian A, Brownsword R, Bücker S, Düwell M, Formánek N, Jungtäubl M, Leyer M, Richter A, Schmidt J, Will-Zocholl M. Governance of High-Risk AI Systems in Healthcare and Credit Scoring. Business & Information Systems Engineering 2025;67(4):563 View
  28. Hu C, Li F, Wang S, Gao Z, Pan S, Qing M. The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing personalized learning pathways and clinical training in dental education. Cogent Education 2025;12(1) View
  29. Morosky C, Baecher-Lind L, Chen K, Fleming A, Sims S, Morgan H, Royce C, Sonn T, Stephenson-Famy A, Sutton J, Schaffir J, Bhargava R. Practical applications of artificial intelligence chatbots in obstetrics and gynecology medical education. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025;233(1):4 View
  30. Garibaldi B, Hollon M, Knopp M, Winkel A, Burk-Rafel J, Caretta-Weyer H. How Data Analytics Can Be Leveraged to Enhance Graduate Clinical Skills Education. Journal of Graduate Medical Education 2025;17(2s):37 View
  31. Titus‐Dawson S, Meyer R, Hansen A. AI: The ‘uninvited’ guest!!. Medical Education 2025 View
  32. Teplinsky E, Kim T, Haddad S, Hundal J, Wolbrink T, Chung C. Leveling Up: Harnessing Cutting-Edge Technology to Enhance Oncology Education and Learning. American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book 2025;45(3) View
  33. Tran M, Balasooriya C, Jonnagaddala J, Leung G, Mahboobani N, Ramani S, Rhee J, Schuwirth L, Najafzadeh-Tabrizi N, Semmler C, Wong Z. Situating governance and regulatory concerns for generative artificial intelligence and large language models in medical education. npj Digital Medicine 2025;8(1) View
  34. Shean R, Shah T, Sobhani S, Tang A, Setayesh A, Bolo K, Nguyen V, Xu B. OpenAI o1 Large Language Model Outperforms GPT-4o, Gemini 1.5 Flash, and Human Test Takers on Ophthalmology Board–Style Questions. Ophthalmology Science 2025;5(6):100844 View
  35. Ramulu M, Pal A, Datta D, Pundhir A. Exploring Learning Approaches of Generation Z Medical Students. National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 2025;14(2):81 View
  36. Li Z, Shi L, Pei M, Chen W, Tang Y, Qiu G, Xu X, Lyu L, Qi Z. DeepSeek-AI-enhanced virtual reality training for mass casualty management: Leveraging machine learning for personalized instructional optimization. PLOS One 2025;20(6):e0321352 View
  37. Shishehgar S, Murray‐Parahi P, Alsharaydeh E, Mills S, LIU X. Artificial Intelligence in Health Education and Practice: A Systematic Review of Health Students’ and Academics’ Knowledge, Perceptions and Experiences. International Nursing Review 2025;72(2) View
  38. Foraker R, Morrow J, Johnson J, Wilcox A, Forster A, Payne P. Understanding synthetic data: artificial datasets for real-world evidence. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 2025:bmjebm-2024-113617 View
  39. Seam N, Burkart K, Kritek P. Reflections from the First 5 Years of ATS Scholar. ATS Scholar 2025;6(2):122 View
  40. Pinho I, Costa A, Pinho C. Generative AI Governance Model in Educational Research. Frontiers in Education 2025;10 View
  41. Luce E. Artificial Intelligence and Plastic Surgery Resident Education. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 2025;13(7):e6924 View
  42. Jiang X. Comparison of the Performance of Five Generative Artificial Intelligence Models on a Medical Molecular Biology Examination. Cureus 2025 View
  43. Al Kuwaiti A, Al Gelban K, Subbarayalu A, Al-Muhanna A, Al-Muhanna F. Reinforcing the medical education system and internship program in Saudi Arabia: A narrative review. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2025;57:101674 View
  44. Jehn F, Engler J, Arnscheidt C, Wache M, Ilin E, Cook L, Sundaram L, Hanusch F, Kemp L. The state of global catastrophic risk research: a bibliometric review. Earth System Dynamics 2025;16(4):1053 View
  45. Nyarko E, Santa S, Diaba-Nuhoho P. AI and digital health for childhood cancer care in Ghana. Communications Medicine 2025;5(1) View
  46. Turner L, Zhou C, Burk-Rafel J. It Takes More Than Enthusiasm: The Missing Infrastructure to Unlock AI’s Potential in Medical Education. Academic Medicine 2025;100(9S):S34 View
  47. Hair J, Sabol M. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Competitive Intelligence (CI) Research. SDGs Studies Review 2025;6:e043 View
  48. Alexander K, Egan C, Feild C. Pharmacy students' perceptions and experience using AI tools to complete a drug information assignment: A thematic analysis. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning 2026;18(1):102491 View
  49. Lee K, Song C. Design and Development of an AI-Driven Personalized Microlearning Model for Canine Rehabilitation Education. Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2025;14(3):334 View
  50. Warm E, Applegate L, Damari N, Kelleher M, Kinnear B. Can a Car Make a Blueberry Sandwich?. Journal of Graduate Medical Education 2025;17(5):568 View
  51. Li X, Yan X, Lai H, Metwally A. The ethical challenges in the integration of artificial intelligence and large language models in medical education: A scoping review. PLOS One 2025;20(10):e0333411 View
  52. Cevallos López G, Ubillús Reyes J, Chocobar Reyes E. Argumentos a favor de permitir o prohibir el uso de la inteligencia artificial generativa por estudiantes. Una revisión sistemática. European Public & Social Innovation Review 2025;11:1 View
  53. Rugge M, Fraschini M, Orvieto E, Didaci L, Sandona’ L, D’Amuri A, Saba L, Faa G. Patient safety in AI-powered diagnostic pathology. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2025:jcp-2025-210231 View
  54. Wang T, Xu N, Liu F. Revolutionizing biotech and pharmaceutical education with adaptive learning. Frontiers in Education 2025;10 View
  55. Itani A, Gronseth S, Musaad S, Nguyen T, Mirabile Y, Beech B. Ethical considerations for teaching with artificial intelligence: a scoping review in medical education settings. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 2025;22(1) View
  56. Canales Morales P. Ethics and Technology in Nursing Education: Rethinking Artificial Intelligence. Investigación y Educación en Enfermería 2025;43(3) View
  57. Akbarnezhad N. Generative artificial intelligence in postgraduate medical education. International Journal of Clinical Medical Research 2025;3(6):221 View
  58. An Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Liu J, Mao Y, Zhao R, Zhu K. Advances in the application of artificial intelligence in continuing education for trauma orthopedics. Artificial Intelligence Surgery 2025;5(4):505 View
  59. Rezaei-Zadeh M, Cerbin-Koczorowska M. A research roadmap for AI opportunities in student assessment for medical education. BMC Medical Education 2025;25(1) View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Solez K, Mahal H, Alam A, Farris A, Levine D, Thennakoonwela P. Transformations of Medical Education and Practice Impacting Critical Care in the New Millennium. View
  2. Maldonado E. Intersection of Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, and Cutting-Edge Technologies: From Concepts to Applications in Smart Environment. View
  3. Mirzac V, Thallemer A, Yu M, Chen Y, Tsai C. New Trends in Disruptive Technologies, Tech Ethics and Artificial Intelligence. View
  4. Goel F, Garg V, Singh P, Tripathi P. Rejuvenating the Brain: Nutraceuticals, Autophagy, and Longevity. View
  5. Perera C, Herath H, Mittal M. Generative AI in Healthcare: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Wang X, Chen Z. Proceedings of the 2024 International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence for Education. Necessity of artificial intelligence in medical education and teaching View
  2. Wang X, Chen Z. Proceedings of the 2nd Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Education Digitalization and Computer Science International Conference. Research on the strategy of the integration of laboratory diagnostics and basic science courses View