Published on in Vol 12 (2026)

1 Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital and College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
2 Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
3 Department of Hospital Management, Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
4 Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital and Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
5 Institute of Educational Administration and Evaluation, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
6 Data Science Center, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
7 Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
8 Sleep Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
9 Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
10 Department of Otolaryngology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
11 School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
12 Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
13 Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
14 Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
15 Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
*these authors contributed equally
