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This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Medical Education (255) Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics (135) Chatbots and Conversational Agents (813) Theme Issue: ChatGPT and Generative Language Models in Medical Education (115) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (897)

Published on in Vol 11 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/76925, first published .
Pharmacist in white coat using tablet in pharmacy aisle with shelves of medicine.

Performance Evaluation of 18 Generative AI Models (ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and Perplexity) in 2024 Japanese Pharmacist Licensing Examination: Comparative Study

Performance Evaluation of 18 Generative AI Models (ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and Perplexity) in 2024 Japanese Pharmacist Licensing Examination: Comparative Study

Authors of this article:

Hiroyasu Sato1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Katsuhiko Ogasawara3, 4 Author Orcid Image ;   Hidehiko Sakurai2 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (3) Tweetations (1) Metrics

Hiroyasu Sato   1, 2 ;   Katsuhiko Ogasawara   3, 4 , MBA, PhD ;   Hidehiko Sakurai   2 , PhD

1 Department of Pharmacy, Abashiri-Kosei General Hospital, Abashiri, Japan

2 Graduate School of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan

3 Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

4 Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Japan

Corresponding Author:

  • Hidehiko Sakurai, PhD
  • Graduate School of Pharmacy
  • Hokkaido University of Science
  • 7-Jo 15-4-1 Maeda, Teine
  • Sapporo 006-8585
  • Japan
  • Phone: 81 11 681 2161
  • Fax: 81 11 681 3622
  • Email: hsakurai@hus.ac.jp