This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Theme Issue: ChatGPT and Generative Language Models in Medical Education (101) Chatbots and Conversational Agents (627) e-Learning and Digital Medical Education (788) Artificial Intelligence (1727) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (493)

Published on in Vol 9 (2023)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/48002, first published .
Performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 on the Japanese Medical Licensing Examination: Comparison Study

Performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 on the Japanese Medical Licensing Examination: Comparison Study

Performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 on the Japanese Medical Licensing Examination: Comparison Study

Authors of this article:

Soshi Takagi1 Author Orcid Image ;   Takashi Watari1, 2, 3, 4 Author Orcid Image ;   Ayano Erabi1 Author Orcid Image ;   Kota Sakaguchi2 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (155) Tweetations (28) Metrics

Journals

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  105. Aster A, Laupichler M, Rockwell-Kollmann T, Masala G, Bala E, Raupach T. ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models in Medical Education — Scoping Literature Review. Medical Science Educator 2024;35(1):555 View
  106. Ho C, Tian T, Ayers A, Aaron R, Phillips V, Wolf R, Mathioudakis N, Dai T, Klonoff D. Qualitative metrics from the biomedical literature for evaluating large language models in clinical decision-making: a narrative review. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 2024;24(1) View
  107. Chen Y, Huang X, Yang F, Lin H, Lin H, Zheng Z, Liang Q, Zhang J, Li X. Performance of ChatGPT and Bard on the medical licensing examinations varies across different cultures: a comparison study. BMC Medical Education 2024;24(1) View
  108. Mavrych V, Ganguly P, Bolgova O. Using large language models (ChatGPT, Copilot, PaLM, Bard, and Gemini) in Gross Anatomy course: Comparative analysis. Clinical Anatomy 2025;38(2):200 View
  109. Miyazaki Y, Hata M, Omori H, Hirashima A, Nakagawa Y, Eto M, Takahashi S, Ikeda M. Performance of ChatGPT-4o on the Japanese Medical Licensing Examination: Evalution of Accuracy in Text-Only and Image-Based Questions. JMIR Medical Education 2024;10:e63129 View
  110. Lee J, Park S, Shin J, Cho B. Analyzing evaluation methods for large language models in the medical field: a scoping review. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 2024;24(1) View
  111. 石田 開, 有阪 直, 藤井 清. Analysis of Japanese Clinical Engineer License Examinations using ChatGPT (GPT－4V). Iryou kikigaku (The Japanese journal of medical instrumentation) 2024;94(5):514 View
  112. Li Y, Huang C, Hu Y, Zhou X, He C, Zhong J. Exploring the performance of large language models on hepatitis B infection-related questions: A comparative study. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025;31(3) View
  113. Kusaka S, Akitomo T, Hamada M, Asao Y, Iwamoto Y, Tachikake M, Mitsuhata C, Nomura R. Usefulness of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Pediatric Dentistry. Diagnostics 2024;14(24):2818 View
  114. Ramnani S, Bhalla M, Bassi R. A Comparative Study of ChatGPT and BingAI in Answering the National Eligibility Entrance Test for Postgraduates (NEET-PG)-Style Practice Questions: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Cureus 2024 View
  115. Fukushima T, Manabe M, Yada S, Wakamiya S, Yoshida A, Urakawa Y, Maeda A, Kan S, Takahashi M, Aramaki E. Evaluating and Enhancing Japanese Large Language Models for Genetic Counseling Support: Comparative Study of Domain Adaptation and the Development of an Expert-Evaluated Dataset. JMIR Medical Informatics 2025;13:e65047 View
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  117. Roos J, Martin R, Kaczmarczyk R. Evaluating Bard Gemini Pro and GPT-4 Vision Against Student Performance in Medical Visual Question Answering: Comparative Case Study. JMIR Formative Research 2024;8:e57592 View
  118. Abdelgadir Y, Thongprayoon C, Craici I, Cheungpasitporn W, Miao J. Enhancing Patient Comprehension of Glomerular Disease Treatments Using ChatGPT. Healthcare 2024;13(1):57 View
  119. Ishida K, Hanada E. ChatGPT (GPT-4V) Performance on the Healthcare Information Technologist Examination in Japan. Cureus 2025 View
  120. Johri S, Jeong J, Tran B, Schlessinger D, Wongvibulsin S, Barnes L, Zhou H, Cai Z, Van Allen E, Kim D, Daneshjou R, Rajpurkar P. An evaluation framework for clinical use of large language models in patient interaction tasks. Nature Medicine 2025;31(1):77 View
  121. Sun D, Xu P, Zhang J, Liu R, Zhang J. How Self-Regulated Learning Is Affected by Feedback Based on Large Language Models: Data-Driven Sustainable Development in Computer Programming Learning. Electronics 2025;14(1):194 View
  122. Abdulrab S, Abada H, Mashyakhy M, Mostafa N, Alhadainy H, Halboub E. Performance of 4 Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Answering Endodontic Questions. Journal of Endodontics 2025 View
  123. Kondo T, Okamoto M, Kondo Y. Pilot Study on Using Large Language Models for Educational Resource Development in Japanese Radiological Technologist Exams. Medical Science Educator 2025;35(2):919 View
  124. Kim J, Vajravelu B. Assessing the Current Limitations of Large Language Models in Advancing Health Care Education. JMIR Formative Research 2025;9:e51319 View
  125. Öztürk Z, Bal C, Çelikkaya B. Evaluation of Information Provided by ChatGPT Versions on Traumatic Dental Injuries for Dental Students and Professionals. Dental Traumatology 2025 View
  126. Wang Y, Shen H, Chen T, Chiang S, Lin T. Performance of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 in the Taiwan National Pharmacist Licensing Examination: Comparative Evaluation Study. JMIR Medical Education 2025;11:e56850 View
  127. Yoşumaz İ. Generative Artificial Intelligence and Usage in Academia. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2025;35(1):1 View
  128. Nomura A, Takeji Y, Shimojima M, Takamura M. Digitalomics: Towards Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning-Based Precision Cardiovascular Medicine. Circulation Journal 2025 View
  129. Franke S, Pott C, Rutinowski J, Pauly M, Reining C, Kirchheim A. Can ChatGPT Solve Undergraduate Exams from Warehousing Studies? An Investigation. Computers 2025;14(2):52 View
  130. Salman I, Ameer O, Khanfar M, Hsieh Y. Artificial intelligence in healthcare education: evaluating the accuracy of ChatGPT, Copilot, and Google Gemini in cardiovascular pharmacology. Frontiers in Medicine 2025;12 View
  131. Borsetto D, Sia E, Axon P, Donnelly N, Tysome J, Anschuetz L, Bernardeschi D, Capriotti V, Caye-Thomasen P, West N, Erbele I, Franchella S, Gatto A, Hess-Erga J, Kunst H, Marinelli J, Mannion R, Panizza B, Trabalzini F, Obholzer R, Vaira L, Polesel J, Giudici F, Carlson M, Tirelli G, Boscolo-Rizzo P. Quality of Information Provided by Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Surrounding the Management of Vestibular Schwannomas: A Comparative Analysis Between ChatGPT-4 and Claude 2. Otology & Neurotology 2025;46(4):432 View
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  133. Işik G, Kafadar-Gürbüz İ, Elgün F, Kara R, Berber B, Özgül S, Günbay T. Is Artificial Intelligence a Useful Tool for Clinical Practice of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery?. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 2025;36(2):558 View
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  146. Yu Y, Kim S, Lee W, Koo B. Evaluating ChatGPT on Korea's BIM Expertise Exam and improving its performance through RAG. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 2025;12(4):94 View
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Books/Policy Documents

  1. Huang D, Wang Z. Trends and Applications in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. View
  2. Semujanga B, Mikalef P. Disruptive Innovation in a Digitally Connected Healthy World. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Xu B, Wang R, Ping L, Zhu C, Liu X, Lin H, Tian L, Xia F. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). MAT: Medical AI-generated Text Detection Dataset from Multi-models and Multi-Methods View
  2. Hidayaturrahman , Prawira I. 2024 International Conference on Informatics, Multimedia, Cyber and Information System (ICIMCIS). Leveraging Zero-Shot Learning in Large Language Models for Sentiment Analysis: A Comparative Study on the Indonesian Language View