Mobile Technology in E-Learning for Undergraduate Medical Education on Emergent Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Disorders: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Li-Ang Lee   ^{1, 2, 3} , MD, MSc ;   Shu-Ling Wang   ^{2, 4} , PhD ;   Yi-Ping Chao   ^{5, 6} , PhD ;   Ming-Shao Tsai   ^{1, 7} , MD ;   Li-Jen Hsin   ^{1, 3} , MD ;   Chung-Jan Kang   ^{1, 3} , MD ;   Chia-Hsiang Fu   ^{1, 3} , MD ;   Wei-Chieh Chao   ^{1, 8} , MD ;   Chung-Guei Huang   ^{9, 10} , MSc ;   Hsueh-Yu Li   ^{1, 3} , MD ;   Cheng-Keng Chuang   ^{1, 2, 11} , MD, PhD

¹ Faculty of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

² Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

³ Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁴ Graduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan

⁵ Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁶ Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁷ Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan

⁸ Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan

⁹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

¹⁰ Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

¹¹ Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan