Published on in Vol 12 (2026)
This is a member publication of University of Toronto

1 Department of Psychiatry, AI for Mental Health, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
3 maxSIMhealth Group, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
4 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
5 Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
6 CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
7 Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
8 Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
9 Department of Psychiatry, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada
10 Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada
11 Department of Psychiatry, Institut National de Psychiatrie Légale Philippe-Pinel, Montréal, QC, Canada
12 Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur la Cognition et le Raisonnement Professionnel (GIRCoPRo), Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
13 Complex Care and Recovery, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
14 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
15 Faculty of Health Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
*these authors contributed equally
