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Screening Workers for Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica: Development and Usability of an Electronic Data Capture Tool

Screening Workers for Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica: Development and Usability of an Electronic Data Capture Tool

It included (1) exposure assessment from a detailed occupational history; (2) collection of respiratory symptoms; (3) recording of investigations including spirometry, chest x-ray, and high-resolution CT of the chest; (4) screening for comorbidities associated with silica exposure, including autoimmune diseases and tuberculosis [4,17]; and (5) a mental health instrument.

Fiona Hore-Lacy, Christina Dimitriadis, Ryan F Hoy, Javier Jimenez-Martin, Malcolm R Sim, Jane Fisher, Deborah C Glass, Karen Walker-Bone

JMIR Hum Factors 2025;12:e64111

Extended Reality Interventions for Health and Procedural Anxiety: Panoramic Meta-Analysis Based on Overviews of Reviews

Extended Reality Interventions for Health and Procedural Anxiety: Panoramic Meta-Analysis Based on Overviews of Reviews

Two primary approaches to alleviate health and procedural anxiety are exposure and distraction therapies. Distraction-based approaches seek to reduce anxiety by diverting attention away from distressing thoughts, situations, or physical sensations. While controversial as a long-term technique [1], these are effective for short-term anxiety reduction [2]. However, distraction methods may not always be readily available or accessible, particularly in moments of acute anxiety/stress.

Tom Arthur, GJ Melendez-Torres, David Harris, Sophie Robinson, Mark Wilson, Sam Vine

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e58086

Understanding the Occurrence and Fate of Atmospheric Microplastics and Their Potential Risks to Human Health: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Analysis

Understanding the Occurrence and Fate of Atmospheric Microplastics and Their Potential Risks to Human Health: Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Analysis

Understanding the extent of environmental exposure to plastic additives and consequential health outcomes would provide valuable knowledge and help to develop effective control measures. The fundamental objective of this study is to determine the extent of environmental and human health consequences resulting from exposure to plastics (microplastics) and their associated additives.

Shaikh Sharif Hasan, Abdus Salam, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Md Aynul Bari, Nirupam Aich, Farjana Jahan, Mahbubur Rahman, Zubayer Islam, Md Humayun Kabir, Md Aftab Ali Shaikh, Rubhana Raqib, Sarker Masud Parvez

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e60289

Impact of Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program Scores and Surgical Volume on Subspecialty Fellowship Application in Ophthalmology Residency: Retrospective Cohort Study

Impact of Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program Scores and Surgical Volume on Subspecialty Fellowship Application in Ophthalmology Residency: Retrospective Cohort Study

There were no differences between the groups regarding the degree of exposure to neuro-ophthalmology in medical school, the presence of a dedicated neuro-ophthalmology rotation in residency, or the rotation timing [9].

Amanda Kay Hertel, Radwan S Ajlan

JMIR Med Educ 2024;10:e60940

Assessment of Heat Exposure and Health Outcomes in Rural Populations of Western Kenya by Using Wearable Devices: Observational Case Study

Assessment of Heat Exposure and Health Outcomes in Rural Populations of Western Kenya by Using Wearable Devices: Observational Case Study

In LMIC settings, a more nuanced understanding of individual exposure to extreme weather events and the resulting health outcomes is essential for creating tailored interventions and allocating resources efficiently [2]. Wearable devices, given their ability to monitor health metrics continuously and noninvasively, provide valuable insights into the health risks faced by vulnerable communities due to climate change [4,8].

Ina Matzke, Sophie Huhn, Mara Koch, Martina Anna Maggioni, Stephen Munga, Julius Okoth Muma, Collins Ochieng Odhiambo, Daniel Kwaro, David Obor, Till Bärnighausen, Peter Dambach, Sandra Barteit

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024;12:e54669

Association Between Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Development of Child Obesity: Population-Based Study in Italy

Association Between Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Development of Child Obesity: Population-Based Study in Italy

Antibiotic exposure in early life has been identified as a potential factor that can disrupt the development and composition of the gut microbiome, which may have implications for obesity later in life [7]. Previous epidemiological studies have provided valuable insights into the relationship between the gut microbiome, antibiotic exposure in early life, and obesity [2].

Anna Cantarutti, Paola Rescigno, Claudia Da Borso, Joaquin Gutierrez de Rubalcava Doblas, Silvia Bressan, Elisa Barbieri, Carlo Giaquinto, Cristina Canova

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e51734

Association Between Long‑Term Exposure to Air Pollution and the Rate of Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery in Patients Older Than 60 Years: Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

Association Between Long‑Term Exposure to Air Pollution and the Rate of Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery in Patients Older Than 60 Years: Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan

Therefore, we conducted this retrospective study to investigate the effects of decade-long exposure to various air pollutants on the risk of mortality after hip fracture surgery in older Taiwanese patients. We hypothesized that long-term exposure to air pollution would have an impact on the rate of 1-year mortality after hip fracture surgery.

Shu-Han Chuang, Yi-Jie Kuo, Shu-Wei Huang, Han-Wei Zhang, Hsiao-Ching Peng, Yu-Pin Chen

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024;10:e46591

Effectiveness of One Videoconference-Based Exposure and Response Prevention Session at Home in Adjunction to Inpatient Treatment in Persons With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Nonrandomized Study

Effectiveness of One Videoconference-Based Exposure and Response Prevention Session at Home in Adjunction to Inpatient Treatment in Persons With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Nonrandomized Study

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) is the first-line, evidence-based psychotherapeutic treatment for OCD and is recommended as the psychotherapeutic method of choice [10-12]. ERP is a crucial element in CBT for OCD and requires patients to “engage in repeated, prolonged exposure to obsessions while refraining from compulsions” ([13], p. 85) [14].

Ulrich Voderholzer, Adrian Meule, Stefan Koch, Simone Pfeuffer, Anna-Lena Netter, Dirk Lehr, Eva Maria Zisler

JMIR Ment Health 2024;11:e52790

Effectiveness and User Experience of Virtual Reality for Social Anxiety Disorder: Systematic Review

Effectiveness and User Experience of Virtual Reality for Social Anxiety Disorder: Systematic Review

This can involve activities such as psychoeducation, relaxation, distraction, cognitive restructuring, exposure therapy, and relapse prevention [2]. Despite the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for SAD treatment [3,4], many who are diagnosed do not go on to seek help [5]. This is partly due to the in vivo (real-life) nature of the exposure therapy used to desensitize and habituate patients to feared situations.

Simon Shahid, Joshua Kelson, Anthony Saliba

JMIR Ment Health 2024;11:e48916

Exposure Versus Cognitive Restructuring Techniques in Brief Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Arabic-Speaking People With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Randomized Clinical Trial

Exposure Versus Cognitive Restructuring Techniques in Brief Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Arabic-Speaking People With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Randomized Clinical Trial

For internet-delivered interventions combining exposure and cognitive methods for Arabic-speaking people with PTSD, dropout rates of approximately 37% have been reported [26]. Similar dropout rates were found when only providing exposure treatment for this population [11], highlighting the need for additional treatment options without a focus on exposure.

Jana Stein, Max Vöhringer, Birgit Wagner, Nadine Stammel, Yuriy Nesterko, Maria Böttche, Christine Knaevelsrud

JMIR Ment Health 2023;10:e48689